Active to Passive Voice
Topic we will cover in this blog are :
About Active to Passive Voice
Passive Voice of Present Indefinite Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Present Continuous Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Present Perfect Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Past Indefinite Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Past Continuous Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Past Perfect Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Future Indefinite Tense Rule
Passive Voice of Future Perfect Tense Rule
Passive Voice of W-Family Sentence
Some More Examples
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
About Active to Passive Voice
Rule 1 : Active से Passive बनाते समय object को subject और subject को object के स्थान पर ले आते हैं तथा object के पहले प्रायः by लगा देते हैं । जैसे -Active : Kumar writes a letter.
Passive : A letter is written by Kumar.
First Sentence में Kumar, subject है और letter, object है लेकिन दूसरे वाक्य में letter को subject तथा Kumar को 'by' preposition का object बना दिया है ।
Rule 2 : दिए हुए verb, का Past Participle बनाकर उसके पहले उसी Tense का verb 'to be' (am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being) का रूप लगा दिया जाता है , जैसा की निम्न तालिका में दिया गया है :
| Tense | Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous |
| Present | am is are | am being is being are being | has been have been | Not Possible |
| Past | was were | was being were being | had been | Not Possible |
| Future | will be shall be | Not Possible | will have been shall have been | Not Possible |
| Present Tense | Active | Passive |
| Simple | He kills a snake | A snake is killed by him. |
| Continuous | He is killing a snake. | A snake is being killed by him. |
| Perfect | He has killed a snake. | A snake has been killed by him. |
| Past Tense | Active | Passive |
| Simple | He killed a snake. | A snake was killed by him. |
| Continuous | He was killing a snake. | A snake was being killed by him. |
| Perfect | He had killed a snake. | A snake had been killed by him. |
| Future Tense | Active | Passive |
| Simple | He will kill a snake. | A snake will be killed by him. |
| Perfect | He will have killed a snake. | A snake will have been killed by him. |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Present Indefinite Tense
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Indefinite Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Indefinite Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Verb (Ist form) + s/es + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Is/Are/Am + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Do/Does + not + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Is/Are/Am + Not + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Do/Does + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (?) | Is/Are/Am + Convert Object to Subject + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| क्या तुम अंग्रेजी पढते हो ? | Do you read English? | Is English read by you? | क्या अंग्रेजी तुम्हारे द्वारा पढ़ी जाती है ? |
| वह मेरी कार चलाती है । | She drives my car. | My car is driven by her. | मेरी कार उसके द्वारा चलाई जाती है । |
| अध्यापक आजकल विद्यार्थियों को सजा नही देते हैं । | Teachers do not punish students now-a-days. | Students are not punished by teachers now-a-days. | विद्यार्थिओं को आजकल अध्यापक द्वारा सजा नही दी जाती है । |
| क्या तुम उसे जानते हो? | Do you know him? | Is he known by you? | क्या वह तुम्हारे द्वारा जाना जाता है ? |
| वह मेरी सलाह पसंद नही करता है । | He does not like my advice. | My advice is not liked by him. | मेरी सलाह उसके द्वारा पसंद नही की जाती है । |
| क्या वे इमर्जेन्सी में मेरी सहायता चाहते हैं? | Do they require my help in emergency? | Is my help required by them in emergency? | क्या मेरी सहायता इमर्जेन्सी में उनके द्वारा चाही जाती है । |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Present Continuous Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Is/Am/Are + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Is/Are/Am + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Is/Am/Are + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Is/Are/Am + Not + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Is/Am/Are + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (?) | Is/Are/Am + Convert Object to Subject + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| कनिका अपने पिता जी को परेशान नही कर रही है । | Kanika is not disturbing her father. | Her father is not being disturbed by Kanika. | कनिका के पिता जी उसके द्वारा परेशान नही किये जा रहे हैं । |
| बढ़ई टेबल की मरम्मत कर रहा है । | Carpenter is repairing the table. | The table is being repaired by the carpenter. | टेबल की मरम्मत बढ़ई द्वारा की जा रही है । |
| क्या इस समय वह तुम्हारा काम कर रहा है ? | Is he doing your job right now? | Is your job being done by him right now? | क्या तुम्हारा काम उसके द्वारा इस समय किया जा रहा है । |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Present Perfect Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Has/Have + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Has/Have + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Has/Have + Not + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Has/Have + Not + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Has/Have + Subject + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (?) | Has/Have + Convert Object to Subject + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| क्या उसने अपनी पत्नी को धोखा दिया है ? | Has he ditched his wife? | Has his wife been ditched by him? | क्या उसकी पत्नी को उसके द्वारा धोखा दिया गया है? |
| उसने सारी सामग्री जबॉंग से खरीदी है । | He has purchased all materials from Jabong. | All materials have been purchased by him from Jabong. | सारी सामग्री उसके द्वारा जाबॉंग से खरीदी गई है । |
| उसने फर्श को दो बार पौंछा नहीं लगाया है । | She has not mopped the floor twice. | The floor has not been moped by her twice. | फर्श को उसके द्वारा दो बार पौंछा नहीं लगाया गया है । |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Past Indefinite Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Verb (2nd form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject +Was/Were + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Did + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject +Was/Were + Not + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Did + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (?) | Was/Were + Convert Object to Subject + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| उसने साँप को मारा । | She killed a snake. | A snake was killed by her. | साँप उसके द्वारा मारा गया । |
| किरीट ने हरिद्वार म़ें सारे सेमीनार अटेंड किये । | Kirit attended all seminars in Haridwar. | All seminars were attended by Kirit in Haridwar. | सारे सेमीनार किरीट द्वारा हरिद्वार म़ें अटेंड किये गये । |
| क्या उसने रोहित से अच्छी जॉब झपट ली ? | Did he grab good job from Rohit? | Was good job from Rohit grabbed by him? | क्या अच्छी जॉब रोहित से उसके द्वारा झपट ली गई? |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Past Continuous Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Was/Were + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Was/Were + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Was/Were + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Was/Were + Not + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Was/Were + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (?) | Was/Were + Convert Object to Subject + Being + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| वे अपने घोषणा पत्र कोर्ट में दे रहे थे । | They were giving their declarations in court. | Their declarations were being given by them in court. | अपने घोषणा पत्र उनके द्वारा कोर्ट में दिये जा रहे थे । |
| वह अपनी गलती नही मान रहा था । | He was not admitting his mistakes. | His mistakes were not being admitted by him. | उसकी गलती उसके द्वारा नही मानी जा रही थी । |
| क्या डॉक्टर मरीजो क़ी सेवा कर रहा था ? | Was the doctor serving patients? | Were patients being served by the doctor? | क्या मरीजों की सेवा डॉक्टर द्वारा क़ी जा रही थी ? |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Past Perfect Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Had + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Had + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Had + Not + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Had + Not + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Had + Subject + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (?) | Had + Convert Object to Subject + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| चैयरमेन के प्रवेश ने वातावरण को पूरी तरह बदल दिया था । | The Chairman's's entry had completely changed the environment. | The environment had been completely changed by the Chairman's entry. | वातावरण चैयरमेन के प्रवेश द्वारा पूरी तरह बदला गया था । |
| मेरे पिताजी ने अच्छी परंपरांए मेरे परिवार में स्थापित नहीं की थी । | My father had not established good traditions in my family. | In my family, good traditions had not been established by my father. | मेरे परिवार में अच्छी परंपरांए मेरे पिताजी द्वारा स्थापित नहीं की गई थी । |
| क्या उसने सच बोला था । | Had he spoken the truth? | Had the truth been spoken by him? | क्या उसके द्वारा सच बोला गया था ? |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Future Indefinite Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Will/Shall + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Will/Shall + Be + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Will/Shall + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Will/Shall + Not + Be + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Will/Shall + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (?) | Will/Shall + Convert Object to Subject + Be + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| मैं ईमानदारी से अपने कर्तव्य निभाऊँगा । | I will discharge my duties honestly. | My duties will be discharged by me honestly. | अपने कर्तव्य मेरे द्वारा ईमानदारी से निभाये जायेंगे । |
| क्या वह किसी को गाली नही देगा ? | Will he not abuse anybody? | Will anybody not be abused by him? | क्या किसी को उसके द्वारा गाली नही दी जायेगी ? |
| मैं स्वार्थी लोगो की मदद नही करूंगा । | I shall not help selfish persons. | Selfish persons will not be helped by me. | स्वार्थी लोगो की मेरे द्वारा मदद नही की जायेगी । |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of Future Perfect Tense Rule
Rules| Type of Sentence | Rule of making Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) | Rule of converting Present Continuous Tense (Active Voice) to Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Will/Shall + Have + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Will/Shall + Have + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Negative | Subject + Will/Shall + Not + Have + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (.) | Convert Object to Subject + Will/Shall + Not + Have + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (.) |
| Interrogative | Will/Shall + Subject + Have + Verb (Ist form) + Object + (?) | Will/Shall + Convert Object to Subject + Have + Been + Verb (3rd form) + By + Convert Subject to Object + Remaining + (?) |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| अव्यन सारे अक्षर सीख चुका होगा । | Avyan will have learnt all alphabets. | All alphabets will have been learnt by Avyan. | सारे अक्षर अव्यन द्वारा सीखें जा चुके होंगे । |
| क्या बन्दरों ने हमारे पौधों को नुकसान पहुंचाया होगा ? | Will the monkeys have damaged our plants? | Will our plants have been damaged by the monkeys? | क्या हमारे पौधों को बन्दरो द्वारा नुकसान पहुंचाया जा चुका होगा? |
| क्या तुम दुबारा इंग्लिश क्लास नही जॉइन कर चुकी होंगी ? | Will you not have joined again English classes? | Will English classes not have been joined by you again? | क्या इंग्लिश क्लास दोबारा तुम्हारे द्वारा जॉइन की जा चुकी होगी? |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Passive Voice of W-Family Sentence
Rules| W-family वाले शब्द और बाकि बचे वाक्य को अलग करो । | Separate W-family word and the rest part of the sentence. |
| बाकि बचा हुआ वाक्य एक साधारण वाक्य है । वाक्य के इस भाग को उस वाक्य के Tense के नियमानुसार Passive Voice में बदलो । | The rest part of the sentence remains a normal sentence. Change it to Passive Voice as per the Rule of Tense of the sentence. |
| W-family के शब्द को Passive Voice में बदले हुए वाक्य के भाग के आगे लगाओ । | Add the W-family word in the beginning of the changed Passive Voice part Sentence. |
| सारे W-family के शब्द अपरिवर्तित रहते है केवल दो शब्दों को छोड़ कर (1) "WHO" जो "BY WHOM" से बदला जाता है (2) "WHOM" शब्द "WHO" से बदला जाता है । | All the W-family words remain unchanged except two words - (1) "WHO" is replaced by words "BY WHOM" (2) "WHOM" is replaced by word "WHO" . |
Examples
| Active Voice | Active Voice | Passive Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|---|
| तुम कौन सी कार चलाते हो ? | Which car do you drive? | Which car is driven by you? | कौन सी कार तुम से चलाई जाती है ? |
| कौन सी फिल्म तुम्हें सबसे ज्यादा पसंद आई ? | Which film did you like most? | Which film was liked most by you? | कौन सी फिल्म तुम्हारे द्वारा सबसे ज्यादा पसंद कि गई ? |
| तुम कब अपना उधार चुकता करोगे ? | When will you repay your debts? | When your debts will be repaid by you? | कब तुम्हारा उधार तुम्हारे द्वारा चुकता किया जायेगा ? |
| उसने कब तुम्हारे पत्र का जवाब दिया ? | When did he reply your letter? | When your letter was replied by him? | कब तुम्हारे पत्र का जवाब उसके द्वारा दिया गया ? |
| तुम अपनी मंगेतर से क्या चर्चा करोगे ? | What will you discuss with your fiance? | What will your fiance be discussed by you? | तुम्हारी मंगेतर से तुम्हारे द्वारा क्या चर्चा की जायेगी ? |
| क्या चीज उससे कॉन्ट्रक्ट तुड़वाँ रही है ? | What is making him to break the contract? | What is being made to break the contract by him? | क्या चीज उसके द्वारा कॉन्ट्रक्ट तुड़वा रही है ? |
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
Some More Examples
1. Active : They believe me.Passive : I am believed by them.
2. Active : He is praising me.
Passive : I am being praised by him.
3. Active : She gave me a book.
Passive : I was given a book by her.
Or
A book was given me by her.Or
A book was given to me by her.
4. Active : He will help you.
Passive : You will be helped by him.
Note 1 : Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Perfect Continuous तथा Future Continuous की passive voice नहीं बनती है ।
Note 2 : केवल Transitive Verbs की ही passive voice बन सकती है Intransitive Verbs की नहीं । Intransitive verbs का object न होने से passive voice नहीं बनती है ।
Note 3 : कुछ verbs के बाद passive voice में 'by' preposition के स्थान पर अन्य prepositions का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे -
(a) Surprised, astonished, disappointed, distressed, displeased तथा alarmed के बाद passive voice में 'at' का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे -
1. Active : Your intelligence surprised me.
Passive : I was surprised at your intelligence.
2. Active : His success astonished us.
Passive : We were astonished at his success.
3. Active : His defeat distressed me.
Passive : I was distressed at his defeat.
4. Active : This news alarmed his father.
Passive : His father was alarmed at this news.
(b) Known तथा obliged के बाद 'passive voice' में 'to' का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे -
1. Active : Everybody knows Gandhiji.
Passive : Gandhiji is known to everybody.
2. Active : He will oblige me.
Passive : I shall be obliged to him.
(c) Pleased, satisfied, disgusted, charmed, thronged तथा lined के बाद 'passive voice' में 'with' का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे -
1. Active : My behaviour pleased him.
Passive : He was pleased with my behaviour.
2. Active :Your work satisfies the officers.
Passive : The officers are satisfied with your work.
3. Active : Her sweet song charmed the listeners.
Passive : The listeners were charmed with her sweet song.
4. Active :The passenger lined the booking window.
Passive : The booking window was lined with the passengers.
(d) Contained तथा interested के बाद 'passive voice' में 'in' का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे -
1. Active :This box contains many beautiful things.
Passive : Many beautiful things are contained in this box.
2. Active :This book interests me.
Passive : I am interested in this book.
Note 4 : कुछ Intransitive verbs के साथ prepositions का प्रयोग होता है । Prepositions के साथ मिलकर ये verbs Transitive verbs का काम करती है । Passive voice में preposition verb के साथ रहता है । जैसे -
1. Active : The girls laughed at me.
Passive : I was laughed at by the girls.
2. Active : He looks after my children.
Passive : My children are looked after by him.
Note 5 : जिन Verbs के दो objects होते है , Passive voice में बदलते समय उनमे से कोई एक subject हो जाता है तथा दूसरा अपने ही स्थान पर object बना रहता है । जैसे -
1. Active : I taught him English.
Passive : He was taught English by me.
Or
English was taught to him by me.
Or
English was taught him by me.
Note 6 : कभी-कभी Passive voice में काम करने वाले doer का प्रयोग नहीं होता, क्योकि वह important नहीं होता । जैसे -
1. Active : Someone has stolen my pen.
Passive : My pen has been stolen.
2. Active : People speak English all over the world.
Passive : English is spoken all over the world.
No comments:
Post a Comment